|
| 外型尺寸 | |
| 品牌 | 德國KAYSEN |
| 貨號(hào) | |
| 用途 | 水、油 |
| 型號(hào) | KAYSEN |
| 工作壓差 | |
| 壓力環(huán)境 | 常壓 |
| 介質(zhì)溫度 | 250℃ |
| 驅(qū)動(dòng)方式 | 氣動(dòng) |
| 適用介質(zhì) | 水 |
潛油電泵
“ KAYSEN是工業(yè)行業(yè)的可靠解決方案合作伙伴，并且是化學(xué)液處理的組件和系統(tǒng)的制造商?；谖覀兊膭?chuàng)新產(chǎn)品，服務(wù)和針對特定行業(yè)的解決方案，我們?yōu)槿蚩蛻籼峁┝烁叩男屎桶踩??！?/strong>
"Kaysen is a reliable solution partner for the industrial industry and a manufacturer of components and systems for chemical liquid treatment. Based on our innovative products, services and industry-specific solutions, we provide higher efficiency to customers worldwide And security."
潛油電泵——上?？偞?/strong>
我們的目標(biāo)
為客戶提高效率和安全性
我們在全球的市場水處理和化學(xué)流體處理
我們的報(bào)價(jià)
組件，系統(tǒng)，服務(wù)和行業(yè)特定的解決方案
我們的價(jià)值
可靠性
革新
解決方案驅(qū)動(dòng)
全球
Imported pneumatic diaphragm pump——Shanghai distributor
Our goal
Improve efficiency and safety for customers
Our global market water treatment and chemical fluid treatment
Our offer
Components, systems, services and industry-specific solutions
Our value
reliability
innovation
Solution driven
global
KAYSEN凱森潛油電泵概述
凱森潛油電泵機(jī)組是一種機(jī)械采油設(shè)備。潛油泵是一種多級離心泵，每一級由一個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)的葉輪和一個(gè)固定的導(dǎo)輪組成，葉輪分浮動(dòng)和壓緊兩種，葉輪的結(jié)構(gòu)決定泵的排量，葉輪的級數(shù)決定泵的揚(yáng)程，在油井中潛油電機(jī)將機(jī)械能傳遞給潛油泵，潛油泵內(nèi)的葉輪高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，將原油從井中抽送到地面集油系統(tǒng)。潛油電泵原以三大公司引進(jìn)，經(jīng)改造開發(fā)了各種系列，并獲得了較高的泵效、揚(yáng)程及流量。
主要特點(diǎn)：
● 大排量采液是這種采油方法的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但是，目前潛油電泵也經(jīng)常應(yīng)用于產(chǎn)液量比較低的油井。
● 這種泵能夠把油井中位于上部水層的水轉(zhuǎn)注到下部的注水層中。
● 操作簡單，管理方便，在市區(qū)應(yīng)用有得于美化環(huán)境、減少噪音。
● 能夠較好地運(yùn)用于斜井、水平井以及海上采油。
● 容易處理腐蝕和結(jié)蠟。
● 容易安裝井下壓力及溫度等測試裝置，并通過電纜將測試信號(hào)傳遞到地面，進(jìn)行測量讀數(shù)。
● 為適應(yīng)油井產(chǎn)量遞減或發(fā)生變化，可采用變頻裝置調(diào)節(jié)電源頻率來實(shí)現(xiàn)，但投入費(fèi)用較高。
● 免修期較長，油井生產(chǎn)時(shí)效相對比較高。
主要應(yīng)用：
廣泛應(yīng)用于水、溫泉、油田、煉油、石油化工等介質(zhì)。
使用條件：
●環(huán)境介質(zhì)溫度：≤150℃;油井溫度：50~180℃。溫度小于90℃，O型密封圈一般采用丁腈橡膠，葉輪上的止推墊片，一般采用酚醛層壓玻璃布板，高于90℃的油井，O型密封圈一般采用氟橡膠（170℃），葉輪上的止推墊片一般選用F4聚苯（150℃）。
●含氣量：潛油泵在油井工作時(shí)是完全浸在井液中的。油井中往往含有不同種類的游離氣體，游離氣體對潛油泵的工作特性會(huì)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重影響，當(dāng)達(dá)到一定量時(shí)則發(fā)生氣鎖，氣體干擾嚴(yán)重影響潛油電泵的正常工作，使電機(jī)負(fù)載急劇變化或卸載，可在潛油泵的下面安裝油氣分離器。
●井液含砂量：≤0.05%,含砂量：潛油泵在油井中抽汲井液時(shí)，要求井液中含砂不超過0.05%。
●適用介質(zhì)：油水或油氣水三相混合物，在吸入口壓力條件下，氣體量占三相總體積流量的0～30%；
●井液粘度：≤7mm2/s；
潛油電泵現(xiàn)場管理和故障處理：
1.1 設(shè)備檢查部位
（1）控制柜的檢查：運(yùn)行中接觸器是否吸合穩(wěn)定、振動(dòng)噪音是否正常；電流記錄儀是否準(zhǔn)確，卡片上電流數(shù)與儀表量程是否一致；
?。?）變壓器的檢查：聲音、油位油色是否屬正?，F(xiàn)象；高壓開關(guān)接觸良好與否，刀片吃入深度要大于80%；
?。?）井口檢查：井口放氣閥，油表等是否齊全；閘門開關(guān)有無銹蝕，是否靈活等。
1.2 電泵井投產(chǎn)后的管理要求
?。?）電泵井正常操作由值班采油工操作，發(fā)生故障時(shí)必須由持有電泵操作證書的專業(yè)人員處理；
?。?）機(jī)組投入正常運(yùn)行后，注意更換電流卡片，為確保記錄的準(zhǔn)確性，在投產(chǎn)前或各種原因停機(jī)時(shí)應(yīng)進(jìn)行電流記錄儀零位校正；
?。?）做好各項(xiàng)信息的更新的工作。
1.3 電泵井清蠟
在電泵井投產(chǎn)后一周內(nèi)應(yīng)進(jìn)行一次清蠟通井，并根據(jù)具體情況制定合理的清蠟周期。清蠟操作要保質(zhì)保量，應(yīng)做到起下順利、不帶硬蠟、不頂鉆、不堵井筒等事項(xiàng)，在清蠟結(jié)束后要建立相關(guān)的工作臺(tái)賬。
2 潛油泵電流卡片分析及故障處理
潛油泵井電流卡片是反映潛油泵運(yùn)行過程中時(shí)間與潛油電機(jī)的電流變化關(guān)系曲線，它是潛油泵井日常生產(chǎn)管理的主要依據(jù)。正常的電流卡片中，電流曲線應(yīng)為一條平滑的曲線。
2.1 泵在受氣干擾中運(yùn)行的電流卡片
原油脫氣，大量氣體進(jìn)泵引起電流波動(dòng)，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)量下降。防止方法為：在泵吸入口加氣錨或旋轉(zhuǎn)式油氣分離器；合理控制套管氣；保證機(jī)組合理的沉淀度；井液中加入一定量的破乳劑。
2.2 過載停機(jī)的電流卡片
機(jī)組啟動(dòng)后，電流逐漸上升到額定電流值正常運(yùn)行；隨后逐漸上升，*達(dá)到過載電流整定值，過載停機(jī)。預(yù)防及處理方法：正常過載停機(jī)應(yīng)進(jìn)行洗井；下泵前沖砂，出砂井上提機(jī)組；定時(shí)清蠟和熱洗地面管線；處理缺相，或更換機(jī)組。
2.3 電壓波動(dòng)
當(dāng)供電電壓波動(dòng)時(shí)，為了滿足泵的功率需求，馬達(dá)電流也會(huì)隨之波動(dòng)。原因?yàn)楣╇娋€路上大功率柱塞泵突然啟動(dòng)引發(fā)電壓瞬時(shí)下降、附近抽油機(jī)井多口同時(shí)啟動(dòng)，或是有雷擊現(xiàn)象。防止辦法：在大面積斷電后，等其他設(shè)備啟動(dòng)后再啟泵，并裝上避雷設(shè)備。
2.4 供液不足
由于地層供液不足，泵抽空最終過載關(guān)停，系統(tǒng)會(huì)自動(dòng)重啟。當(dāng)電流降低，產(chǎn)液量和泵效就會(huì)降低，直至無液進(jìn)泵，導(dǎo)致欠載停機(jī)。原因是在電泵井投產(chǎn)初期，選泵不當(dāng)，或在生產(chǎn)一段時(shí)間后，油井供液。處理辦法：縮小油嘴；加深泵掛；更換小排量的機(jī)組。
3 潛油電泵的其它故障的判斷與處理[2]
3.1 管柱漏失判斷與處理
當(dāng)發(fā)生管柱漏失時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)油壓、產(chǎn)量相對下降。帶有泄油閥管柱的井，多數(shù)是由泄油銷被砸斷或沖蝕引起，須檢泵作業(yè)才能恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)；管柱腐蝕漏失的井，可通過管柱憋壓的驗(yàn)證方法來判斷。
3.2 停機(jī)后再啟動(dòng)電流加大
稠油電泵井停機(jī)后重啟電流會(huì)加大，致使機(jī)組被燒毀，此現(xiàn)象在冬季會(huì)更加明顯。油井在停產(chǎn)后溫度降低，油變稠、流動(dòng)性變差，泵提速變慢，電泵長時(shí)間處在高轉(zhuǎn)速下運(yùn)行，電流很高，導(dǎo)致壽命變短?？刹捎米冾l集中切換技術(shù)，用一臺(tái)變頻機(jī)對多井口進(jìn)行控制，使每口井實(shí)現(xiàn)軟啟動(dòng)。投資不大可減少啟泵燒機(jī)，原油溫度的逐漸升高也可減輕原油粘度對泵的影響。3.3 電纜故障診斷與處理
電纜發(fā)生故障表現(xiàn)為地面控制柜過載停機(jī)，有時(shí)配電盤跳閘電流卡片上的電流曲線突然上升，與電機(jī)電氣損壞相似，在進(jìn)行檢測時(shí)，三相對地絕緣電阻為0，電阻平衡。電纜損壞有兩種情況：一是在井口或油管掛處損壞，直阻不超過1Ω；二是遠(yuǎn)離井口，直阻為2-3Ω，具體損壞處可根據(jù)每米電纜的阻值進(jìn)行測算得出。對于在井口損壞情況，可重新接纜；如果在采油樹帽下到幾根油管處，可上提油管重新接纜；若損壞很嚴(yán)重，必須檢泵作業(yè)。
3.4 井液引起的故障與處理
這種情況可能發(fā)生在井液含砂泥等機(jī)械雜質(zhì)井、電泵試油勘探井、防砂完井生產(chǎn)的新井中。表現(xiàn)是運(yùn)行電流高、有波動(dòng)，當(dāng)超過過載設(shè)定值時(shí)過載停機(jī)，也有可能堵塞油嘴。對于防砂完井生產(chǎn)的新井，原因是完井作業(yè)后填砂未沖洗干凈，可采取以下辦法解決：上調(diào)過載設(shè)定值；調(diào)大油嘴；停機(jī)進(jìn)行反沖洗。
3.5 套管氣引起的故障診斷與排除
當(dāng)油井供液不足時(shí)，引起油井液面很低接近泵吸入口，套管環(huán)空內(nèi)的氣體進(jìn)入電泵內(nèi)導(dǎo)致欠載停泵。處理這種情況有以下幾種辦法：
?。?）控制套壓、調(diào)低欠載設(shè)定值；
?。?）間歇生產(chǎn)，采取人工或控制柜自動(dòng)啟泵方式；
?。?）若泵掛較淺，可加深泵掛深度；
（4）調(diào)低欠載設(shè)定值、縮小油嘴；
?。?）對油層進(jìn)行酸化、壓裂等增產(chǎn)措施；
?。?）打開未開采層位生產(chǎn)，補(bǔ)充液源；
?。?）更換與油井相配的電泵泵。
3.6 機(jī)組匹配不合理引起的故障判斷與處理
若電泵機(jī)組匹配不合理，也可能引起故障。一是出現(xiàn)“大馬拉小車”現(xiàn)象，一般不會(huì)引起事故，但當(dāng)電機(jī)余量大時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生欠載；二是出現(xiàn)“小馬拉大車”現(xiàn)象，運(yùn)行電流會(huì)高于額定電流，嚴(yán)重時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)啟動(dòng)困難和機(jī)組燒毀現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)這些情況時(shí)，只能待檢泵作業(yè)時(shí)更換合適的電泵機(jī)組。
Germany Kaysen imported submersible oil pump overview
The German Kaysen submersible electric pump unit is a kind of mechanical oil production equipment. Submersible pump is a multi-stage centrifugal pump, each stage is composed of a rotating impeller and a fixed guide wheel, the impeller is divided into two types: floating and compression, the structure of the impeller determines the displacement of the pump, and the number of stages of the impeller determines the pump The submersible motor in the oil well transfers mechanical energy to the submersible oil pump. The impeller in the submersible oil pump rotates at high speed to pump crude oil from the well to the surface oil collection system. The submersible electric pump was originally introduced by three major companies in the United States, and various series have been developed through transformation, and high pump efficiency, head and flow have been obtained.
main feature:
● Large displacement fluid production is the main advantage of this oil production method. However, submersible electric pumps are also often used in oil wells with relatively low fluid production.
● This pump can transfer the water in the upper water layer in the oil well to the lower water injection layer.
● Simple operation and convenient management, which can beautify the environment and reduce noise in the urban area.
● It can be well used in inclined wells, horizontal wells and offshore oil production.
● Easy to deal with corrosion and wax formation.
● It is easy to install downhole pressure and temperature test equipment, and transmit the test signal to the surface through the cable for measurement reading.
● In order to adapt to the decline or change of oil well output, frequency conversion device can be used to adjust the power supply frequency, but the investment cost is higher.
● The maintenance-free period is longer, and the oil production efficiency is relatively high.
main application:
Widely used in water, hot springs, oil fields, oil refining, petrochemical and other media.
Conditions of Use:
●Ambient medium temperature: ≤150℃; oil well temperature: 50~180℃. When the temperature is less than 90℃, the O-ring is generally made of nitrile rubber, the thrust pad on the impeller is generally made of phenolic laminated glass cloth, and the oil well is higher than 90℃. The O-ring is generally made of fluorine rubber (170℃) ), the thrust pad on the impeller is generally selected from F4 polystyrene (150℃).
● Gas content: Submersible oil pumps are completely immersed in well fluid when working in oil wells. Oil wells often contain different kinds of free gas. Free gas will have a serious impact on the working characteristics of submersible pumps. When a certain amount is reached, an air lock will occur. Gas interference will seriously affect the normal operation of submersible electric pumps and cause the motor load to change drastically. Or unload, you can install the oil and gas separator under the submersible pump.
●Sand content of well fluid: ≤0.05%, sand content: When submersible pump pumps well fluid in oil well, it is required that the sand content in well fluid should not exceed 0.05%.
●Applicable medium: oil-water or oil-gas-water three-phase mixture. Under the pressure condition of the suction port, the gas volume accounts for 0-30% of the total volume flow of the three phases;
●Viscosity of well fluid: ≤7mm2/s;
On-site management and troubleshooting of submersible electric pumps:
1.1 Equipment inspection site
(1) Inspection of the control cabinet: whether the contactor is stable during operation, whether the vibration noise is normal; whether the current recorder is accurate, and whether the current number on the card is consistent with the instrument range;
(2) Check the transformer: whether the sound, oil level and oil color are normal; whether the high-voltage switch is in good contact or not, the blade should be deeper than 80%;
(3) Wellhead inspection: whether the wellhead bleed valve, oil gauge, etc. are complete; whether the gate switch is corroded, whether it is flexible, etc.
1.2 Management requirements after the electric pump well is put into production
(1) The normal operation of the electric pump well is operated by the oil producer on duty. When a fault occurs, it must be handled by a professional who holds an electric pump operation certificate;
(2) After the unit is put into normal operation, pay attention to replacing the current card. In order to ensure the accuracy of the recording, the zero calibration of the current recorder should be carried out before commissioning or when the machine is shut down for various reasons;
(3) Do a good job of updating various information.
1.3 Electric pump well cleaning wax
Wash cleaning should be conducted once a week after the electric pump well is put into production, and a reasonable wax cleaning cycle should be formulated according to the specific situation. The wax cleaning operation should maintain quality and quantity, and should be smooth, with no hard wax, no top drilling, and no blocking of the wellbore, etc., and relevant work accounts should be established after the wax cleaning is completed.
2 Analysis of the current card of the submersible pump and troubleshooting
Submersible pump well current card is a curve reflecting the relationship between the time of submersible pump operation and the current change of submersible motor. It is the main basis for daily production management of submersible pump wells. In a normal current card, the current curve should be a smooth curve.
2.1 The current card of the pump running under the interference of gas
Crude oil is degassed, and a large amount of gas enters the pump to cause current fluctuations, resulting in a decline in production. The prevention methods are: adding an air anchor or a rotary oil-gas separator at the suction port of the pump; controlling the casing gas reasonably; ensuring the reasonable sedimentation of the unit; adding a certain amount of demulsifier to the well fluid.
2.2 Current card for overload shutdown
After the unit is started, the current gradually rises to the rated current value for normal operation; then gradually rises, and finally reaches the overload current setting value, overload shutdown. Prevention and treatment methods: normal overload shutdown should be washed well; sand flushing before pump down, sand well lifting unit; regular wax cleaning and hot washing of ground pipeline; treatment of lack of phase, or replacement unit.
2.3 Voltage fluctuation
When the supply voltage fluctuates, in order to meet the power requirements of the pump, the motor current will fluctuate accordingly. The reason is that the sudden start of the high-power plunger pump on the power supply line caused an instantaneous voltage drop, multiple nearby pumping wells started simultaneously, or there was a lightning strike. Preventive measures: After a large area of power failure, wait for other equipment to start before starting the pump, and install lightning protection equipment.
2.4 Insufficient liquid supply
Due to insufficient fluid supply in the formation, the pump evacuates and eventually shuts down due to overload, and the system will automatically restart. When the current is reduced, the liquid production and pump efficiency will be reduced until no liquid enters the pump, resulting in an underload shutdown. The reason is that the pump is not properly selected at the initial stage of electric pump well production, or the oil well is supplied with liquid after a period of production. Treatment methods: reduce the oil nozzle; deepen the pump hook; replace the small displacement unit.
3 Judgment and treatment of other faults of submersible electric pump[2]
3.1 Judgment and treatment of column leakage
When a string leak occurs, the oil pressure and output will relatively decrease. Wells with a drain valve string are mostly caused by the drain pin being broken or eroded, and the pump operation must be checked before production can be resumed; the wells with corrosion and leakage of the string can be judged by the verification method of the string pressure .
3.2 Increased starting current after shutdown
The restart current will increase after the heavy oil pump well is shut down, which will cause the unit to be burned. This phenomenon will become more obvious in winter. After the oil well is shut down, the temperature decreases, the oil becomes thicker, the fluidity becomes worse, the pump speed increases slowly, the electric pump runs at a high speed for a long time, and the current is very high, resulting in a short life. Frequency conversion centralized switching technology can be used to control multiple wellheads with one frequency conversion machine, so that each well realizes soft start. A small investment can reduce the start of the pump burner, and the gradual increase in crude oil temperature can also reduce the impact of crude oil viscosity on the pump. 3.3 Cable fault diagnosis and treatment
The failure of the cable is manifested as an overload shutdown of the ground control cabinet. Sometimes the current curve on the switchboard tripping current card suddenly rises, similar to the electrical damage of the motor. During the test, the insulation resistance of the three relative grounds is 0, and the resistance is balanced. There are two cases of cable damage: one is damage at the wellhead or tubing hanger, the direct resistance does not exceed 1Ω; the second is away from the wellhead, the direct resistance is 2-3Ω, the specific damage can be calculated according to the resistance value of each meter of cable . For damage at the wellhead, the cable can be reconnected; if the oil tree cap is down to several tubings, the tubing can be lifted to reconnect the cable; if the damage is serious, the pump operation must be checked.
3.4 Failures caused by well fluid and treatment
This situation may occur in wells containing sand and mud and other mechanical impurities, electric pump test wells, and new wells produced by sand control completions. The performance is that the running current is high and fluctuates. When the overload setting value is exceeded, the overload stops, and the oil nozzle may be blocked. For the new wells produced by sand control completion, the reason is that the sand filling is not rinsed out after completion of the completion operation, and the following measures can be taken to solve it: increase the overload setting value; increase the oil nozzle; shut down for backflushing.
3.5 Diagnosis and elimination of faults caused by casing gas
When the liquid supply of the oil well is insufficient, the liquid level of the oil well is very low and it is close to the suction port of the pump, and the gas in the casing annulus enters the electric pump, causing the pump to stop under load. There are several ways to deal with this situation:
(1) Control the casing pressure and lower the underload setting value;
(2) Intermittent production, adopt manual or automatic control cabinet to start the pump;
(3) If the pump hanging is shallow, the pump hanging depth can be deepened;
(4) Lower the underload setting value and reduce the nozzle;
(5) Production stimulation measures such as acidification and fracturing;
(6) Turn on the production of unmined horizons and replenish the liquid source;
(7) Replace the electric pump that matches the oil well.
3.6 Fault judgment and treatment caused by unreasonable unit matching
If the matching of the electric pump unit is not reasonable, it may also cause failure. First, the phenomenon of "large horse-drawn cart" generally does not cause an accident, but underload occurs when the motor has a large margin; second, the phenomenon of "small horse-drawn cart" occurs, and the running current will be higher than the rated current, which is serious There will be difficulties in starting and burning down of the unit. When these conditions occur, the appropriate electric pump unit can only be replaced while the pump is being inspected.
關(guān)于Kaysen
我們的基礎(chǔ)
KAYSEN全球成功故事的基礎(chǔ)是數(shù)十年來的工程專業(yè)知識(shí)，對應(yīng)用的深刻理解和不斷創(chuàng)新的高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品。因此，該公司集團(tuán)不斷投資于研發(fā)。KAYSEN在全球12個(gè)生產(chǎn)基地中也具有高度的垂直整合，從而確保為客戶提供*的質(zhì)量水平，并確保我們不受供應(yīng)商市場波動(dòng)的影響。
我們的宗旨
集成在精心設(shè)計(jì)的解決方案中的模塊化KAYSEN系列，使我們各行各業(yè)的客戶可以隨時(shí)隨地在其生產(chǎn)過程中實(shí)現(xiàn)*的安全性和效率。
對我們而言，與客戶的親近意味著與客戶一起尋找適合個(gè)人需求的正確解決方案。個(gè)人，實(shí)用的建議和流暢的項(xiàng)目處理與我們?nèi)蚩蛻舴?wù)一樣，都是我們提供的服務(wù)的一部分。
我們的承諾
我們熱情地致力于為每個(gè)客戶選擇合適的泵，可持續(xù)且具有成本效益的解決方案。
在90多個(gè)國家/地區(qū)，我們自己的銷售，生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)公司的大約3,500名員工每天都在努力為每種產(chǎn)品提供快速可靠的服務(wù)。由于KAYSEN泵業(yè)作為全球市場*的地位，意味著對*產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的持續(xù)承諾以及對負(fù)責(zé)任的思維和行動(dòng)的義務(wù)。
Our foundation
KAYSEN's global success story is based on decades of engineering expertise, a deep understanding of applications and continuous innovation of high-quality products. As a result, the company group continuously invests in research and development. KAYSEN also has a high degree of vertical integration in 12 production bases around the world, thus ensuring to provide customers with an excellent level of quality and ensuring that we are not affected by supplier market fluctuations.
Our aim
The modular KAYSEN series integrated in carefully designed solutions enables our customers from all walks of life to achieve maximum safety and efficiency in their production processes anytime, anywhere.
For us, closeness to customers means working with customers to find the right solution for their individual needs. Personal, practical advice and smooth project handling are all part of the service we provide, just like our global customer service.
Our promise
We are passionately committed to choosing the right pump for each customer, sustainable and cost-effective solution.
In more than 90 countries, approximately 3,500 employees of our own sales, production and service companies work hard every day to provide fast and reliable service for each product. The status of KAYSEN Pumps as a global market leader implies a continuous commitment to excellent products and services and an obligation to responsible thinking and action.
